Abel's Theorem For Power Series
Abel's Theorem For Power Series :
Statement :
∞
If the series Σ aₙ is convergent and
n=0 ∞
has the sum s , then the series Σ aₙ xⁿ is
n=0
uniformly convergent for 0≤x≤1 and
∞
lim Σ aₙ xⁿ = s .
Proof :
Given that the series Σ aₙ is convergent , therefore we have for n≥m
|aₙ₊₁+ aₙ₊₂ + .......+aₙ₊ₚ| <ε , for every integral value of p>0 .
Also , since the sequence <xₙ> is monotonic decreasing for all values of
x∈ [0,1] .
Then from Abel's inequality
|aₙxⁿ + aₙ₊₁xⁿ⁺¹j +.....aₙ₊ₚxⁿ⁺ᵖ|≤εx' ≤ ε
(x∈[0,1])
Therefore , the series Σ aₙxⁿ is uniformly convergent for 0≤x≤1 .
which implies Σ aₙ xⁿ is continuous function of x∈ [0,1] and therefore ,
∞ ∞
lim Σ aₙ xⁿ = Σ lim aₙ (1-h)ⁿ
x-->1⁻ n=0 n=0 h-->0
∞
= Σ aₙ = s (Proved)
n=0
Note :
∞
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