Periodic Functions Of Fourier Series
Periodic Functions Of Fourier Series :
Generally, periodic functions are the functions which returns the same value in regular interval of time . But in trigonometric functions , it returns the same value in the time interval of 2π radian .
The best example to describe periodic functions is sine function i.e,
sin(x+2π) = sinx
So as discussed before Fourier series is generated by these types of periodic functions like sine and cosine functions .
For example:
The best example to describe periodic functions is sine function i.e,
sin(x+2π) = sinx
So as discussed before Fourier series is generated by these types of periodic functions like sine and cosine functions .
Theorem Related To Periodic Function of Fourier Series :
For a periodic function of period 2π , prove that
β β+2π
(i) ∫ f dx = ∫ f dx ,
α α+2π
π α+2π
(ii) ∫ f dx = ∫ f dx ,
-π α
π π
(iii) ∫ f(x) dx = ∫ f(γ+x) dx ,
-π -π
α,β,γ being any numbers .
Proof :
(i) For a periodic function of period 2π , we know
f(t-2π) = f(t)
Hence , putting t = x+2π , for all α ,β , we get
β β+2π
∫ f(x) dx = ∫ f(t-2π) dt
α α+2π
β+2π β+2π
= ∫ f(t) dt = ∫ f(x) dx
α+2π α+2π
(Proved)
α+2π -π π α+2π
(ii) ∫ f dx = ∫ f dx + ∫ f dx +∫ f dx
α α -π π
-π π α
= ∫ f dx +∫ f dx + ∫ f dx
α -π -π
[ using(i)]
π
= ∫ f dx (Proved )
-π
(iii) Let γ + x = t
π γ+π
∴ ∫ f(γ+x) dx = ∫ f(t) dt
- π γ-π
-π π γ+π
= ∫ f dt +∫ f dt +∫ f dt
γ-π -π π
-π π γ+π
= ∫ f dt +∫ f dt + ∫ f dt
γ+π -π π
[Using(i)]
π π
= ∫ f dt = ∫ f dx (Proved)
-π -π
These results , in fact , mean that the integral of a periodic function over any interval whose length is equal to its period always has the same value .
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